Kulowetsa katundu mkatiUnited Statesimayang'aniridwa mwamphamvu ndi US Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Bungweli lili ndi udindo wowongolera ndi kulimbikitsa malonda apadziko lonse lapansi, kutolera ndalama zogulira kunja, komanso kutsata malamulo a US. Kumvetsetsa njira yoyambira yoyendera Customs ku US kungathandize mabizinesi ndi ogulitsa kunja kumaliza njirayi moyenera.
1. Zolemba Zosafika Patsogolo
Katunduyo asanafike ku United States, wotumiza kunja ayenera kukonzekera ndi kutumiza zolembedwa zofunika ku CBP. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Mtengo wonyamulira katundu (katundu wapanyanja) kapena Air Waybill (katundu wa ndege): Chikalata choperekedwa ndi chonyamulira chotsimikizira kulandila katundu woti atumizidwe.
- Invoice Yamalonda: Invoice yatsatanetsatane yochokera kwa wogulitsa kupita kwa wogula yomwe ikulemba zinthuzo, mtengo wake ndi zogulitsa.
- Mndandanda Wonyamula: Chikalata chofotokozera zomwe zili, miyeso ndi kulemera kwa phukusi lililonse.
- Arrival Manifest (CBP Form 7533): Fomu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulengeza zakubwera kwa katundu.
- Import Security Filing (ISF): Limadziwikanso kuti lamulo la "10+2", limafuna kuti ogulitsa kunja apereke zinthu 10 za data ku CBP osachepera maola 24 katunduyo asanakwezedwe m'sitima yopita ku United States.
2. Kufika ndi Kulembetsa Kulembetsa
Akafika ku doko la US lolowera, wobwereketsa kapena broker wa kasitomu ayenera kutumiza fomu yofunsira ku CBP. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupereka:
- Summary of Entry (CBP Form 7501): Fomu iyi imapereka zambiri za katundu wotumizidwa kunja, kuphatikizapo magulu awo, mtengo wake, ndi dziko limene anachokera.
- Customs Bond: Chitsimikizo chazachuma kuti wobwereketsa adzatsatira malamulo onse a kasitomu ndikulipira chilichonse, misonkho, ndi zolipira.
3. Kuyendera koyambirira
Akuluakulu a CBP amayendera koyamba, kuwunikanso zolembedwa ndikuwunika kuopsa kokhudzana ndi kutumiza. Kuwunika koyambiriraku kumathandizira kudziwa ngati kutumizako kukufunika kuunikanso. Kuyang'ana koyamba kungaphatikizepo:
- Kubwereza Zolemba: Tsimikizirani kulondola komanso kukwanira kwa zikalata zomwe zatumizidwa. (Nthawi yoyendera: mkati mwa maola 24)
- Automatic Targeting System (ATS): Imagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu apamwamba kuzindikira katundu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chotengera njira zosiyanasiyana.
4. Kuyendera kwachiwiri
Ngati pali vuto lililonse pakuwunika koyambirira, kapena ngati kuyang'anira mwachisawawa kwa katunduyo kusankhidwa, kuwunika kwachiwiri kudzachitidwa. Pakuwunika mwatsatanetsatane, ma CBP atha:
- Inspection Non-Intrusive Inspection (NII): Kugwiritsa ntchito makina a X-ray, zowunikira ma radiation kapena ukadaulo wina wowunikira zinthu popanda kuzitsegula. (Nthawi yoyendera: mkati mwa maola 48)
- Kuyang'ana Mwakuthupi: Tsegulani ndikuwunika zomwe zatumizidwa. (Nthawi yoyendera: masiku opitilira 3-5)
- Kuyang'ana Pamanja (MET): Iyi ndiye njira yowunikira kwambiri yoyendera ku US. Chidebe chonsecho chidzatengedwa kupita kumalo osankhidwa ndi kasitomu. Katundu yense m’chidebecho adzatsegulidwa ndikuwunikidwa chimodzi ndi chimodzi. Ngati pali zinthu zokayikitsa, ogwira ntchito zamasitomu adzadziwitsidwa kuti awonetsetse zinthuzo. Iyi ndiyo njira yoyendera nthawi yochuluka kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yoyendera idzapitirirabe malinga ndi vutoli. (Nthawi yoyendera: masiku 7-15)
5. Kuwunika Ntchito ndi Kulipira
Akuluakulu a CBP amawunika ntchito, misonkho, ndi chindapusa potengera momwe katunduyo alili komanso mtengo wake. Ogulitsa kunja ayenera kulipira izi katunduyo asanatulutsidwe. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito kumadalira pazifukwa izi:
- Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) Gulu: Gulu lapadera lomwe katundu amagawika.
- Dziko Lochokera: Dziko lomwe katundu amapangidwira kapena kupangidwira.
- Mgwirizano wa Zamalonda: Pangano lililonse lomwe lingagwire ntchito lomwe lingachepetse kapena kuthetsa msonkho.
6. Sindikizani ndi Kutumiza
Kuyenderako kukamalizidwa ndipo ntchito zalipidwa, CBP imamasula katunduyo ku United States. Wobwereketsa kapena wogulitsa katundu wake akalandira chidziwitso chomasulidwa, katunduyo akhoza kutumizidwa kumalo omaliza.
7. Kutsata Pambuyo Kulowa
CBP imayang'anira mosalekeza kutsatiridwa ndi malamulo a US otengera zinthu kunja. Ogulitsa kunja ayenera kusunga zolemba zolondola za zomwe zachitika ndipo atha kufufuzidwa ndikuwunikiridwa. Kukanika kutsatira kungabweretse zilango, chindapusa kapena kulanda katundu.
Dongosolo loyang'anira mayendedwe a Customs ku US ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwunika kwazamalonda ku US. Kutsatira malamulo a kasitomu aku US kumapangitsa kuti katundu alowe m'dziko la United States mosavuta komanso moyenera.
Mungafune kudziwa:
Ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka khomo ndi khomo ku USA
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-20-2024
